Psychology The Human Mind And Its Functions - 1356 Words

â€Å"According to Madam Pomfrey, thoughts could leave deeper scars than almost anything else.† Every single person has a unique way of processing situations due to the complex method in which the nervous system reacts. Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context. Following the horrific tragedies of World War II, the field of human behaviour became an increasingly popular study. Veterans returning home had scars that ran deeper than any wound that could be visible on their skin; nightmares and flashbacks left ‘scars’ in their heads that couldn’t be healed, until doctors and scientists discovered new approaches to treat the mind. After one of the most traumatic wars the U.S. had ever witnessed, American society invested more focus around psychology; psychological research advanced and treatment methods improved greatly. The history of psychology dates back to the times of Ari stotle and Plato, but only after World war II did it really make a difference in the world. There are two branches of psychology: the science of the growing mind and social behavior. Psychologists often integrate both topics for their practice. Throughout the first half of the 20th century, behaviourism dominated most educational aspects of American psychology. Students conducted laboratory tests on mice to observe behaviour patterns in specific stimulus. â€Å"After World War II, American psychology,Show MoreRelatedPsychology : Human Mind And Its Functions1749 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology by definition from the Oxford dictionary is the ‘scientific study of the human mind and its functions’, or in simpler terms ‘the mental characteristics or attitude of an individual’. This subject focuses on the mentality and behavioral aspects of humans, assessing the behavioral patterns occurring within the mind, and questioning how it controls certain parts of our bodily system. In the broad topic of psychology, the numerous aspects of it each have a distinct difference to one anotherRead MorePsychology : The Human Mind And Its Functions2174 Words   |  9 Pages Psychology Research Paper The future is very questionable topic. No one knows what the future holds and it scares many of us, especially me. So in order for me to take some control of what my future may lead to I’ve chosen psychology as my career choice. This field is very diverse and has many different opportunities. The field of psychology impacts society positively and is a good career fit for me. Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and its functions. PsychologyRead MorePsychology and Human Mind Functions4104 Words   |  17 Pages Psychoanalytic – Freud- Psychoanalytical theory was formulated by Freud based on how the human mind functions. He believed that there were factors outside of the individual person’s awareness (unconscious thoughts, feelings and experiences) that influence their emotions, behaviour and actions, and that their past experiences, and their future. The Psychoanalytical Theory highlights the importance of the unconscious mental processes and childhood development issues as they relate to childish impulsesRead MoreForensic Psychology And The Human Mind And Its Functions1627 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology and law at first glance are not two terms that seem to correspond with each other. One might even question why they would be mentioned in the same context. Crime has become a major issue within today’s society. It seems as though the only way to prevent most of them is to enforce the repercussions of the act and punish those that partake in it. Criminals often have mo tives or attributes that lead them into a life of crime. Forensic psychology is the cynosure that brings the associationRead MoreResearch Paper on William James and Functionalism1230 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction William James (January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist who had trained as a physician. He was the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States. James wrote influential books on pragmatism, psychology, educational psychology, the psychology of religious experience, and mysticism. He was the brother of novelist Henry James and of diarist Alice James. In the summer of 1878, William James married Alice Gibbens. WilliamRead MoreHistory of Modern Psychology836 Words   |  4 PagesA History of Modern Psychology Franklyn Rivas UOPX History and Systems in Psychology 310 Lillian Fillpot May 03, 2011 A History of Modern Psychology Before psychology officially became a science, many great intellectuals of previous centuries had contributed to the philosophy behind psychology. This philosophy can be trace back to the times of the Greeks, middle ages, and the renaissance period. However, the link between philosophy and modern psychology became possible in the late 18thRead MoreFoundations of Psychology771 Words   |  4 PagesFoundations of Psychology Psychology is an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. There is some tension between scientific psychology (with its program of empirical research) and applied psychology (dealing with a number of areas). Psychologists attempt to explain the mind and brain in the context of real life. In contrast neurologists utilize a physiological approach. Psychologists study such phenomena as perception, cognition, emotionRead MoreSchool of Thought1108 Words   |  5 PagesPage1 When psychology was first established as a science it separated from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for dominance in psychology. The following are some of the major thought that have influenced our knowledge and understanding of psychology: StructuralismRead MorePsychology : A Way Of Understanding Mental Disorders And How They Function1340 Words   |  6 Pagesaffects 1 out of 5 people each year (Kallivayalil). Psychology has a way of understanding mental disorders and how they function. There are many branches to psychology that leads to many jobs that are beneficial more than most people realize. Majoring in psychology can go a lot farther than just in the medical field. If someone chooses to become a politician they should understand h uman behavior for the better of their region. Understanding how humans work will provide solutions to improve systems andRead MoreCognitive PsychologyFINAL PAPER724 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Cesar Larios PSY 360 December 1, 2014 Terry Blackmon Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper The human mind is full of complexity, with it we have the ability to breath, have a heartbeat, and also process what we see around us. Many experts in the field of psychology had tried to explain the full complexity of our brain’s actions and thoughts. According to Galotti (2014), cognitive psychology studies our thoughts such as what we perceive, attend, remember

The Author known as, Scott Fitzgerald is considered a...

The Author known as, Scott Fitzgerald is considered a notable writer in the Jazz Age time period for his novels, â€Å"short stories† such as â€Å"The Great Gatsby.† Throughout the life of Scott Fitzgerald his works have proven to be of high merit that have impacted the world of literature In 1898 at Saint Paul, Minnesota, born into a middle-upper class family, Fitzgerald was named after his famous second cousin Francis Scott Key but he finally went by the familiar name Scott Fitzgerald. Also he was named after his late sister, Louise Scott, one of two sisters who died shortly before his birth. Well, three months before I was born my mother lost her other two children ... I think I started then to be a writer. His parents were Mollie†¦show more content†¦At the university he strongly dedicated himself to enhancing his skill as a writer. There he became friends with future critics and writers Edmund Wilson and John Peale Bishop, and wrote for the Princeton Triangle Club, the Nassau Lit, and the Princeton Tiger. He also was involved in the American Whig-Cliosophic Society, which ran the Nassau Lit. His attraction in the Triangle led to his offer of a novel to Charles Scribners Sons where the editor admired the writing but ultimately rejected the book. He was a m ember of the University Cottage Club, which still displays Fitzgeralds desk and writing materials in its library. His writing pursuits at Princeton came at the cost of his assignments. He was placed on academic probation, and in 1917 he dropped out of school to join the U.S. Army. Afraid that he might die in World War I with his literary dreams unsatisfied, weeks before reporting for duty Fitzgerald quickly wrote a novel called â€Å"The Romantic Egotist†. Although the publisher Charles Scribners Sons rejected the novel, the reviewer noted its originality and encouraged Fitzgerald to submit more work in the future. But unfortunately his alcoholic habits, since college, caught up to him with extraordinarily heavy drinking therefore leaving him in poor health by the late 1930s. According to Zeldas biographer, Nancy Milford, Fitzgerald claimed that he hadShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1824 Words   |  8 Pages The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional town of West Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922. The story primarily concerns the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his quixotic passion and obsession for the beautiful former debutante Daisy Buchanan. Considered to be Fitzgerald s magnum opus, The Great Gatsby explores themes of decadence, idealism, resistance to change, social

Leadership issue Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Leadership issue. Answer: Introduction Leadership is the ability of an individual who is a leader to positively mobilize or influence people within an organization, institution or a firm towards achieving the organizational set goals. In an organizational setting, the role of leadership is mainly concentrated on the top executive who is the main decision maker (Ladkin Weber, 2011). They have the ability to make crucial decisions that affect the organization and also works tirelessly to ensure that the set organizational roles are achieved on the right time and as expected. Though, the executive acts as the top leaders, they cannot relevantly function without the help of the junior leaders within the organization who include the managers, the department heads as well as other stakeholders whom their view also counts as it is important. There are various leadership styles that are carried out in different ways but all have a common goal of positively influencing other employees within the organization to achieve the set go als and objectives. Some of the styles include; an autocratic style where the power to lead is centered on the leader who has authority to control and make decisions without being questioned (Exantus, 2012). Democratic style of leadership, here the leader dont have the full mandate of controlling without the other employees views as they take part in decision making, transformational style where the leader is bound to initiate change that influences organizational development, team leadership style is where the leader works with the team members willing to help achieve their heart desires, facilitative style do not work on the skill ability but to the efficacy of the process initiated by the group among many other styles. Organization and leadership issue In the contemporary world today, the leadership role is very important and helps to establish control in the developing social institutions from family, schools, politics, and hospitals as well as in businesses and other organizational setting. The power and authority bestowed on leaders is meant to help them make the right decisions with an intention of ensuring that the right procedures are followed strictly and as expected. Though very important to offer control and coordination in organizations helpful in achieving set goals, leadership has been curbed by many issues or problems that affect their ability to deliver accordingly. These issues affect the organizational ability to grow and develop as the main individuals to carry out the coordinating role as they are affected by the prevailing leadership issues. These issues might be in line with management, employees discipline, and other leaders or even in some cases other organizations. In our case, AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY has a leadership problem on staff indiscipline. Being an education institution especially to young children, the members of staff are supposed to carry themselves well and showcase their highest level of discipline important for the children to emulate. The institution leadership has the main role of over sighting in all the school activities and ensure they are carried out well as expected. Ranging from use of phones during class sessions, not giving the students full attention as required to offer help in studies and also not observing time management have been among the many indiscipline issues with the staff members in the academy making it hard for the leaders to control and coordinate thus showing managerial ineffectiveness. Managerial ineffectiveness is the inability of the leading team to develop the most appropriate skills that enhance the best ways of achieving the set organizational goals (Knox Knox, 2015). Some of these skills are eff ective time management, strategic planning, critical and creative thinking to enhance development as well as appropriate decision making. Being one of the best education academy in India, the stakeholders who include the leaders and the staff members have the role of ensuring that the level of education given to students is of very high standard. To help improve on the leadership issues that the school faces on indiscipline cases, proper communication should be enhanced to help give guidelines on the importance of staff discipline and the impact of the same on the education system. Leaders have solemn responsibility of ensuring that they exercise power of control to help solve leadership issues. Some of the problems resulting to the indiscipline issue are as explained below in the theoretical perspectives relating to the leadership issue. Theoretical perspectives relating to the leadership issue According to Stogdill and Mann, leadership is a complex factor that is elaborated on the basis or quest of leadership abilities. They argue that the ability of an individual to lead in one company, firm or setting is not the same as each setting has specified leadership requirements. The leadership issue of inability to develop managerial effectiveness facing AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY relates to the lack of appropriate discipline by the members of staff thus lacking the best traits to lead the students to the right direction. One cause of the indiscipline issue in AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY may be the varying personal attributes of the leader who has the role to lead the staff. This is clearly examined in the Trait theory stating that the personality of an individual subjected to be a leader influences his or her ability to lead (OUTCALT, FARIS MCMAHON, 2001). Research carried out by the theory constituents indicates that a positive personality to the field of leadership influences effective leadership and negative personality results to ineffective leadership in the given organization. Traits such as honesty, intelligence, self consciousness as well as extroversion are not taught but personally developed hence, the ability of an individual to be a leader is designed by the situation or task dictated to her or him. Relating to the leadership issue, AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY leader also referred to as the principal or the head teacher lacks personal attributes important to help make the right decisions that ar e important in ensuring discipline of the staff members. This is a problem as the leader is expected to control and coordinate the activities of the staff members. This gives the staff members the freedom to control themselves in ways that are not right and not according to the organizational rules. Another cause of the indiscipline issue may be lack of appropriate leadership skills as an academy or school head teacher. As examined by Contingency Theory of Leadership stating that effective leadership depends on factors of interaction between the traits owned by an individual and the conditions of the prevailing situation (NOHRIA, KHURANA ANAND, 2010). The theory proposes that leadership ability is not in any way related to the personality of the individual but instead the personality of an individual have to merge with the conditions of the situation at hand to be able to deliver effectively (Northouse, 2013). The style into which leadership is offered influences the level or effectiveness of leadership. In the case of the development of effective managerial strategies in AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY, the head teacher lacks the qualities of leading in such an organization that has more staff members and with different qualities expected to work according to the set organizational ru les. An academy leader requires to have effective management skills thus giving the staff members an avenue to rule and control themselves as they wish hence not giving the students attention needed. The use their phones in class because the leader in position has no courage to stipulate what they should follow. Failure to embrace change in education sector also may lead to indiscipline of the staff members. As examined by Full-Range theory of leadership enhancing the use of transformational leadership style that is based on enhancing change to the achievement of the set organizational goals and objectives. Its founded on the respective measures that help in improving the level of employee productivity as well as acceptance of the new management measures put in place (AVOLIO, AVOLIO, 2011). Through the set employee incentives, the employee is able to feel a sense of identity as he can be able to give a view important in making the organizations decisions. The theories components on the qualities of a good leader who works effectively together with other employees to achieving the set objectives include; each individual consideration on how the leader attends to the needs of all other employees to the best of his or her ability, intellectual ability to stimulation of the leaders ability to c hallenge the incoming assumptions, ability to take managerial risks and that relating to other employees. The leader also has the ability to motivate other employees towards achieving the goals of an organization (Green, et al 2011). All these qualities of a leader are important as the managerial process is enhanced and can only be effective if the employees morale is positively enhanced and developed to ensure they carry out their respective roles as required and following all the set rules. With this taken care of, the employees are able to effectively deliver towards the organizations set goals as they can as well identify with their relevant achievements. AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY has a range of staff members who may be are not involved while making decisions that affect them and also are not given incentives important for motivating them. As a result of lack of inclusiveness in the school crucial activities the staff members are resistant to embracing change important to help in ensuring they follow the set rules. Lack of appropriate behavior as the school leader. The head teacher of AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY may have lacked appropriate behavior to lead as a role model to the staff members. This is important for them to emulate what is expected of them to ensure high level of discipline. As illustrated by Behavioral Theory of leadership approach that critics the trait theory of leadership, it indicates that any achievement based on any given context depends on the behavior of the individual who is the leader (SCOULLER, 2011). According to B.F Skinner's theory of behavior, every kind of behavior has consequences that can either be a reward or punishment. In most cases, the reward is related to positive behavior while punishment is related negative or unexpected behavior (Winkler, 2010). In our case, the staff members of may have lacked discipline as they were following the behaviors of the leader of the academy making them static of any behavior they emulate from their leader. Implications and lessons from the problem issue Leadership issues or problems results in an inability to achieve effective management. In every developed or developing organizations, leadership is key and cannot be effective if not well enhanced. Inadequate skilled leaders results to poor management and poor coordination of the staff activities as they cannot deliver as expected. Strategic planning is very important to enhance planning as well as empowerment of both the leaders and the employees in AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY. It ensures that only the appropriate strategies are followed while carrying out a certain objective (DeRue, Sitkin Podolny, 2011). Behavior management is very important as it ensures that, leaders have the role to ensure only the right behaviors can be appropriately enhanced and do away with that affecting the leadership ability in the institution. Employees peace and incentives are two important factors that positively helps them to develop and as well motivate them in carrying out their daily activities towar ds achieving the set organizational goals (Bischoff, 2010). In case of the leader at AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY, the most important thing to do to help improve on the staff indiscipline cases is to ensure proper guidelines are given. Ensure staff motivation and also take part in making decisions of the organization by giving their views which is important to give them a sense of belonging by identifying with the achieved educational goals. Communication is very important as failure to enhance communication may result in poor passage of information to the enhancement of employee relationship with the leaders. Personally developed arguments on leadership issue Organizational set goals and objectives are set to be achieved following a set of agreed and well-developed measures of control. They ensure that every unit has set leadership control with the main role of ensuring proper management. Therefore, leaders should ensure that management in their organizations is effectively carried out. The relationship between the leaders and the employees can only be enhanced by the appropriate measures of control and coordination put in place that ensures all employees are well enhanced and their rights are observed. Its also clear from the arguments that, behaviors of leaders influence the ability the employees ability to be productive. In our case, the leadership issue on indiscipline of the staff members illustrates that the ability of the leaders to correct and direct them is minimal as they do the same things over and over again. Positive behavior influences good management and bad behaviors influence bad management in an organization. Skills of e very leader are important and are developed relating to the situation into which the leadership is to be exercised and this should ensure that the ability of the leader is not overlooked. Teachers are significant personnels who are expected to illustrate good behaviors important in socializing a child. The skills required for a leader should be clearly stipulated to ensure that only those who are qualified can be given the role and in this case the staff in AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY should have the clear stipulated requirements on how to carry out their roles. Introducing new skills that the leader is not conversant with may result to biases. Leadership is key in every organizational setting to enhance achievement of set goals and objectives through the effective management and only requires effective leaders to be effectively positioned. Recommendations Staff motivation should be enhanced by the use of all means to enable improve their ability to produce and do their best in their line of work. This can be done by the leaders ensure that the staff gets the required incentives and also respect their rights according to the set employees rights bureau. AXPEA EDUCATION ACADEMY leaders should ensure that the staff recruited have the required skills to prevent biases and failure in performance to delivering as expected by the institution. Leaders in every department should ensure that their behaviors at work and outside are in line with the set rules and other given codes of conduct. The behavior should positively impact on the management strategies influenced by the leaders to other members of staffs. The interaction between leaders and other members of the academy should be positive and their behaviors in line with the set rules. That is, the relation should be established and developed on the set means to achieve the set educational goals. Conclusion Leadership is very important and should be positively enhanced to enable positive management strategies. As said by B.F Skinner, the leaders should ensure that they behave in the right and accepted manner so that they can also influence the behavior of other employees positively. Skills impacted on leaders should be in relation to the current trends used in institutional management to prevent biases during service provision. Example, technological skills as they are massively involved in laying appropriate management factors, communication skill relevant in ensuring right communication strategies between the leaders and the employees. All organizational stakeholders are important in ensuring that the set strategies to realize organizational goals are exercised as required. Strategic leadership is important and should be encouraged to enhance effective management to prevent lack of achievement of the set goals like in the case of AXPEA Education Academy References AVOLIO, B. J., AVOLIO, B. J. (2011).Full range leadership development. Thousand Oaks, Calif, SAGE Publications. Bischoff, A. L. (2010). Leadership theories - Gandhi as leader: The application of leadership skills in organizations on a great leader of our time according to Gary A. Yukl. Mu?nchen: Grinverl. Boyle, M. J., Haller, A., Hunt, E. (2016). The leadership challenge: preparing and developing catholic school principals/Les difficultes posees par le leadership: preparation et developpement personnel des chefs d'etablissements catholiques/El reto del liderazgo: preparacion y desarrollo de directores de escuelas catolicas. Catholic Education: A Journal Of Inquiry And Practice, (3), 293. doi:10.15365/joce.1903152016 DeRue, D. S., Sitkin, S. B., Podolny, J. M. (2011). From the Guest Editors: Teaching Leadership--Issues and Insights. Academy Of Management Learning Education, 10(3), 369-372. Dugan, J. P. (2016). Leadership theory. Place of publication not identified: John Wiley Sons. Exantus, R. (2012). Pastoral burnout and leadership styles: Factors contributing to stress and ministerial turnover. Place of publication not identified: Authorhouse. Green, J., Chirichello, M., Mallory, B., Melton, T., Lindahl, R. (2011). Assessing Leadership Dispositions: Issues, Challenges, and Promising Practices. International Journal Of Educational Leadership Preparation, 6(4), Knox, M., Knox, M. (2015). Supermarket monsters: The price of Coles and Woolworths' dominance. Collingwood: Schwartz Publishing Pty, Limited. Lussier, R. N., Achua, C. F. (2015). Leadership. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Le Fevre, D. M., Robinson, V. J. (2015). The Interpersonal Challenges of Instructional Leadership: Principals Effectiveness in Conversations About Performance Issues. Educational Administration Quarterly, 51(1), 58-95. Ladkin, A., Weber, K. (2011). Leadership Issues and Challenges in the Tourism Industry: A Hong Kong Perspective. Asia Pacific Journal Of Tourism Research, 16(3), 273-288. doi:10.1080/10941665.2011.572662 Iqbal, T. (2011). The impact of leadership styles on organizational effectiveness: Analytical study of selected organizations in IT sector in Karachi. Munich: Grin Verlag. NOHRIA, N., KHURANA, R., ANAND, B. (2010).Handbook of leadership theory and practice: an HBS centennial colloquium on advancing leadership. Boston, Mass, Harvard Business Press. https://www.books24x7.com/marc.asp?bookid=36291. Northouse, P. G. (2013). Leadership: Theory and practice. Los Angeles: SAGE. OUTCALT, C. L., FARIS, S. K., MCMAHON, K. N. (2001).Developing non-hierarchical leadership on campus: case studies and best practices in higher education. Westport, Conn, Greenwood Press. Plunkett, Jack W., Plunkett, Jack W. (2009). Plunkett's Food Industry Almanac 2009: The Only Comprehensive Guide to Food Companies and Trends. Plunkett Research Ltd. Plunkett, Jack W., Plunkett, Jack W. (2009). Plunkett's Food Industry Almanac 2009: The Only Comprehensive Guide to Food Companies and Trends. Plunkett Research Ltd. Richardson, N. (2010). A quick start guide to mobile marketing: How to create a dynamic campaign and improve your competitive advantage. London: Kogan Page. SCOULLER, J. (2011).The three levels of leadership: how to develop your leadership presence, knowhow, and skill. Cirencester, Management Books 2000. Tilston, j. O. H. N. (2016). Bull market the rise and eclipse of australian stock exchanges. S.l.: lulu com. Winkler, I. (2010). Contemporary leadership theories: Enhancing the understanding of the complexity, subjectivity and dynamic of leadership. Berlin: Springer.

Problems of Karachi free essay sample

Pillion Riding Ban: Pillion riding ban was imposed for 3 days last year in November which is still imposed. It has greatly increased the problems for the citizens and they are forced to travel in rickshaws, busses and taxies unwillingly paying unfair demanded fares. Knowing the problem that they cannot travel on bikes, drivers and bus conductors ultimately demand unfair fares and rents to their destination and due to which they often misbehave with passengers knowing that they (citizens) do not have any other option for travel.Besides the demand of unfair fare, other hitch is the increasing berry and looting in busses. It Is becoming the usual that armed robbers get in the busses, rob people without any hesitation and then get off from the bus at the next stop, no prominent cure Is provided for this problem. New fashion of transport strike (wheel Jam) Is Increasing and It Is not wrong to say that these strikes are being backed by the political party and mostly strikes are called for political motives. We will write a custom essay sample on Problems of Karachi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Yes! The motives are political but citizens suffer.A person who is earning on a daily basis wont be able to earn because transport is not available due o strike and cannot travel on a bike along with his friend because there is a ban on pillion riding In the city and the same goes for the students and citizens from all walks of life. Citizens, who were caught doing pillion ridings for some reasons, were caught and convicted In police stations and then later on released on ball. Youngsters and students suffered the most from this as they were forcefully criminality and convicted to the lockups of local police stations with handcuffs on.Literate citizens of Karachi especially youngsters and students are treated as repossession criminals In the name of pillion riding and by convicting and locking them up, Impression Is given that the citizens Including youngsters and students are professional criminals. Instead of terrorists, murderers and robbers, police lockups seem to be filled with literate citizens. Few days ago, a student of LSI year (intermediate apart) missed his exam when he was getting towards his examination center at jugular e hajji on a bike along with his brother and he was caught and convicted for pillion riding and missed hisArtificial Load shedding Another core issue of Karachi is the lack of electricity, which is mostly an artificial crisis increasing the problems of the citizens and frustrating them. Karachi being an economical hub with thousands of industries and factories, traders and businessmen all over the city is suffering due to the lack of electricity as load shedding is being done during working hours due to which the economy of city is getting down rapidly. Persons responsible for the artificial load shedding should know that Karachi is airing 68% of the total revenue of Pakistan. Enmity with Karachi is enmity with Pakistan and its economy.Not only traders and business man are suffering but citizens from all walks of life are suffering due to artificial load shedding especially students. Nowadays there are examinations of all boards underway including Intermediate, Post and Pre Graduate and students are suffering from long lasting load shedding and their studies and examination preparations are suffering greatly. Besides all these prominent problems due to load shedding there are many domestic robbers occurring which are becoming the cause of mental torture for citizens which is increasing the frustration among the citizens. In this extremely hot weather, lack of electricity is increasing. The lack of water and water supply in domestic and industrial areas is being affected, further increasing the problems of city and citizens. The related officials are being silent and careless, with regards to the artificial crisis. It is a clear indication that this artificial crisis has some reason and might be a part of political feud from which citizens are suffering.In this regard, City council Naif City Nazism and City Nazism extended their hands towards EKES and offered them that they are ready to cooperate on any thing for the solution of the crisis but EKES officials did not respond to the offer, may be due to political pressures. Land Grabbing Land grabbing is another issue that is creating a fuss and disturbance in the city. Land mafia seems to be very powerful with complete political backing, taking away the lands owned by citizens and also governments land. No one can dare to resist them as they are heavily armed and have political backing.Different gangs of land mafia clashing with each other disturbing the peace of city and if someone tries to resist, mafia excellently give it the ethnic color. It is right to say that these land grabbers and land mafia are using the ethnic excuse to create a fuss in a city and are responsible for the ethnic tension in the city. This entire circle of land mafia, politicians and officials of law enforcement agency are responsible for the ethnic rifts in the city in order to save the illegal lands. DRUGS: Use of drugs is increasing in the city and good number of youth is being targeted by rug mafia.In Karachi, some 2 million youth and children are at the risk of drug addiction, as prevalence of drug addiction in very high in this mega city. A Karachi- based MONGO working on the issues of street children and youth reported to a reputable news agency (The Nation) that in Karachi over two million youth are addicted, and rest of the youth and children are at also at a high risk of drug addiction, as drug trafficking is prevailing in every part of the city. In Karachi the main addiction is of Hashish, because this drug is easily available at every nook andParr Gang, Exam Bassist, Frontier Colon, Qaeda Bad, Chancres Goth, Dhobi Chat and Mans near Icemaker, Mummer Faro Colony, Mango Per, SITE, Microfarad Colony, Bill Colony, Aphelia Goth, Anta Khan Goth and Bait Colony. Drug mafia also seems to be operating with a political backing and law enforcement agencies have failed to stop the rapid growth of the drug trafficking in city. Drug mafia also has taken the ethnic cover and under the ethnic cover their drug business is flourishing with the backing of some personals of law enforcement agency and some prominent political figures.